2025年6月一笔汉译英真题

作者&投稿：邓炎（联系方式在网页底部的电邮联系）

译文：

The Chinese nation has long upheld the belief that “food is the first/paramount necessity of the people”. This old saying, passed down for over 2,000 years, remains relevant even in modern times. Nonetheless, China’s food security was frequently questioned by food experts in western countries for a very long period of time.

American scholar Lester Russel Brown once proposed an aggressive question “Who will feed China?” In his book published in 1995, he once predicted that “China would soon import a great amount of grain to meet its growing demand, driving up global food prices to unprecedented levels.” However, his prophesy has not come true. The Chinese people hold their rice bowls in their own hands, and what’s inside is their own grain.

Over the 40 years since reform and opening up, China’s grain output has increased from 305 million tons to 618 million tons, representing an increase of 102.5% and outpacing population growth in the same period. China has met the food demand of 1.3 billion people without disrupting the international grain markets, and creating price hikes and import competition that could threaten other developing countries. On the contrary, China’s strategies have generated positive spillover effects, providing solutions to solve such problems as grain security and output for other developing countries.

With just 6% of the world’s freshwater resources and 7% of its arable land, China feeds 20% of the global population while maintaining a 95% grain self-sufficiency rate—far exceeding Brown’s predicted 42.5%. From the perspective of grain output and population, China is by no means a burden for the world. While its population accounts for nearly one-fifth of humanity, its grain output makes up roughly a quarter of the global total.

重点解析：

“中华民族一直秉持这样一个理念‘民以食为天’”
翻译为：The Chinese nation has long upheld the belief that “food is the first/paramount necessity of the people”.
解析：“秉持……的理念”翻译为“uphold the belief that...”，“民以食为天”翻译为“food is the first/paramount necessity of the people”，准确传达了原文的含义。
“这句老话不仅流传了2000多年，在现代也时不时被人提起”
翻译为：This old saying, passed down for over 2,000 years, remains relevant even in modern times.
解析：“流传了2000多年”翻译为“passed down for over 2,000 years”，“在现代也时不时被人提起”翻译为“remains relevant even in modern times”，其中“remain relevant”表示“仍然适用/有意义”，比直译“时不时被人提起”更符合英文表达习惯。
“中国的粮食安全一直受到很多西方粮食专家的质疑”
翻译为：Nonetheless, China’s food security was frequently questioned by food experts in western countries for a very long period of time.
解析：“受到……质疑”翻译为“be questioned by”，表示客观的质疑，不带有否定意味，符合原文语境。
“美国学者莱斯特·布朗曾经提出过一个咄咄逼人的问题，‘谁来喂饱中国’”
翻译为：American scholar Lester Russel Brown once proposed an aggressive question “Who will feed China?”
解析：“咄咄逼人”翻译为“aggressive”，表示问题尖锐，符合英文表达习惯。
“为了满足其不断增长的粮食需求，中国很快就会大量进口粮食，给世界食品价格带来前所未有的增长”
翻译为：China would soon import a great amount of grain to meet its growing demand, driving up global food prices to unprecedented levels.
解析：此句为布朗的预言，翻译时保留了原文的预测语气，同时准确传达了原文的含义。
“中国人把饭碗端在了自己手里，里面装的也是自己的粮食”
翻译为：The Chinese people hold their rice bowls in their own hands, and what’s inside is their own grain.
解析：此句为比喻句，翻译时保留了原文的比喻意义，同时使译文更加生动形象。
“改革开放40年以来，中国粮食产量从3.05亿吨增加到了6.18亿吨，增加了102.5%，超过同时期人口的增长”
翻译为：Over the 40 years since reform and opening up, China’s grain output has increased from 305 million tons to 618 million tons, representing an increase of 102.5% and outpacing population growth in the same period.
解析：此句包含大量数据，翻译时需确保数据的准确性，同时“超过”翻译为“outpace”，表示增长速度超过，符合英文表达习惯。
“中国的对策还为其他发展中国家解决粮食安全和生产问题提供了良好的溢出效果”
翻译为：China’s strategies have generated positive spillover effects, providing solutions to solve such problems as grain security and output for other developing countries.
解析：“溢出效果”翻译为“spillover effects”，为经济学术语，表示间接影响超出直接作用范围，符合原文语境。
“中国用全球6%的淡水资源和7%的耕地养活了全球20%的人口，保持着95%的粮食自给率”
翻译为：With just 6% of the world’s freshwater resources and 7% of its arable land, China feeds 20% of the global population while maintaining a 95% grain self-sufficiency rate.
解析：此句包含大量百分比数据，翻译时需确保数据的准确性，同时“粮食自给率”翻译为“grain self-sufficiency rate”，符合农业领域术语表达习惯。
“从粮食和人口的角度来看，中国也绝不是全世界的负担”
翻译为：From the perspective of grain output and population, China is by no means a burden for the world.
解析：“从……角度来看”翻译为“From the perspective of...”，“绝不是”翻译为“by no means”，表示强烈的否定语气，符合原文语境。

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