我需要英语高手！！！（在线等。。非常重要）

作者&投稿：段巩（联系方式在网页底部的电邮联系）

英语高手请进!!!!在线等!!!~

英语启蒙讲座（十二）形容词和副词
一．形容词
1．定义：
用来描写或修饰名词或代词的词。如：I have a big bag. (我有一个大书包。)
2．形容词的位置：
大多形容词放在修饰的名词之前。如：This is a beautiful flower. (这花很漂亮。)
有些形容词放在它所修饰的名词之后。形容词修饰由some (一些), any （任何）, every（每）, no（不）等构成的复合不定代词时须放在后面，如：There is something wrong with my father. (我爸爸有些不舒服。)
有些形容词只能作表语。如：ill（有病的）, late（迟到的）及以a-开头的单词，包括：afraid（害怕, awake（醒的）, aware （意识到的）, asleep（睡熟的）, alone（独自的）, alive（活着的）等。这些形容词必须后置。如： The boy is asleep. (这个孩子睡着了。)
3．形容词的功能：形容词修饰名词或代词，在句中用作定语，表语等。
用作定语
如：The old man walks slowly.(这位老人慢慢地走着。)
用作表语。
如： I was late yesterday. (昨天我迟到了。)
4．形容词的排列顺序
同类形容词的排列顺序：与名词关系较密切的靠近名词最近。而且要短词在前，长词在后。如：She is a tall beautiful girl. (她是个又高又漂亮的女孩。)
This is an interesting Chinese story. （这是一个有趣的中国故事。）
有一个以上的词语修饰名词时，他们的次序往往比较固定。大致为：限定词（包括冠词、物主代词、指示代词、不定代词）+数词+描述形容词（短词在前，长词在后）+表示特征的形容词（包括大小、形状、新旧、年龄等）+颜色形容词+类属形容词+名词。:如: This is a beautiful red cotton shirt. （这是一件漂亮的红色棉衬衫。）
二．副词
1．定义：
用以修饰动词、形容词、其它副词以及句子的词。表示时间、地点、程度、方式等概念。如： He speaks slowly. (他说话很慢。)

2．副词的种类

1）时间副词：yesterday（昨天）, today（今天）, tomorrow（明天）, last week（上周）, this month（这个月）, a month ago（一个月前）, recently（最近）, still（仍旧，还）, already（已经）, immediately（立刻）, just（正好）, now（现在）, first（首先）, before（在前）, later（稍后）, next（其次）, these days（这些天）, suddenly（突然地）, then（那么）, yet（仍旧）.

2）地点、方向副词: away(在远处), here （在这里）, there（在那里）, anywhere（无论何处）, somewhere（在某处）, outside （在外面）, left（在左边）, west（向西方）, behind（在后地）

3）方式副词:方式副词大多是由形容词加上-ly构成。如：quickly(很快地)，slowly（慢慢地）, heavily（沉重地）, easily（容易地）, angrily（生气地）, brotherly（兄弟般地）, monthly（每月一次）, warmly（热心地）, coldly（冷淡地）, cheaply（便宜地）, loudly（大声地）

4）频率副词: once (一次), twice（两次）, three times（三次）, weekly（每周一次）, monthly（每月一次）, every day（每天）, always（总是）, sometimes（有时）, often（常常）, never（从不）, nearly（几乎）, usually（通常）, ever（曾经）, again（再次）

5）程度副词: little (很少), enough（足够地）, too（也，太）, very（很，非常） , much（多）, nearly（几乎）, quite（十分）, rather（相当，宁愿）, only（仅仅）, badly (糟糕地)

6）观点副词：表示说话人对自己所说内容的态度，它并不影响句子的语法结构。Surely（的确地）, definitely（明确地）, luckily（幸运地）, really（真正地）, clearly（明显地）, obviously（明显地）, happily（愉快地）, honestly（真诚地）, hopefully（有希望地）, in fact（事实上）, in my opinion（依我看来）, as you know（你知道的）, strangely（奇怪地）, fortunately（幸运地）, unfortunately（不幸地）

7）肯定副词、否定副词：肯定副词为yes (是的), 否定副词为no（不）

8）连接副词：at the same time （同时）, meanwhile (期间), however（无论如何）, on the contrary（正相反），as a result（结果）

9）疑问副词、关系副词：when (什么时候), where（在哪里）, why（为什么）, how（怎样）

3．副词的位置：副词的位置比较灵活。一般来说，观点副词、肯定副词、否定副词放在句首；方式副词可放在句首、句中、句尾；程度副词放在它所修饰的形容词、副词之前；频率副词多位于句子中间，即助动词与行为动词之间。

疑问句中副词一般只放在句中或句末。

如：Do you usually get up at seven every day? (你通常每天七点钟起床吗？)

大多数副词放在谓语动词后，如有宾语，放在宾语后面。

如： She reads the book carefully. (她读书很仔细。)

有些副词如：sometimes, often, perhaps等可放在句中、句首、句末。如：Sometimes she comes very early. （有时候她来得很早。）

She sometimes comes very early. （有时候她来得很早。）

She comes very early sometimes. （有时候她来得很早。）

4．副词的功能

修饰动词。如：He does his homework carefully. (他做作业很认真)。

修饰形容词。如：I am very hungry. （我非常饿。）

修饰句子。如： As a result, he tells the truth. (结果他说了真话。)

三．形容词和副词的比较级和最高级

大多数形容词和副词有三个比较等级，即原级、比较级和最高级。比较等级的构成规则为：

1．单音节和部分双音节形容词

一般情况下，在词尾直接加-er, -est. 如：long-longer-longest (长的-更长-最长)

以不发音的字母-e结尾的，在词尾加-r, -st. 如：brave-braver-bravest (勇敢-更勇敢-最勇敢)

以辅音字母加y结尾的，先把y变为i , 再加–er，-est。如：heavy-heavier-heaviest (重的-更重的-最重的)

重读闭音节单词，如果末尾只有一个辅音字母，要双写这一字母，再加-er, -est. 如：hot-hotter-hottest (热的-更热的-最热的)

big-bigger-biggest (大的-更大的-最大的)

fat-fatter-fattest （胖的-更胖的-最胖的）

thin-thinner-thinnest （瘦的-更瘦的-最瘦的）

2．多数多音节词和部分双音节形容词和副词，在词前加more, most.

如：important—more important—most important (重要的—更重要的—最重要的)

careful—more careful—most careful (仔细的—更仔细的—最仔细的)

quickly—more quickly—most quickly (快地—更快地—最快地)

3．少数形容词和副词不规则的构成

good (well)—better—best (好的--更好的—最好的)

bad (ill) – worse –worst （坏的—更坏的—最坏的）

many (much) –more—most （多的—更多的—最多的）

little—less—least （少的—更少的—最少的）

far—farther—farthest far—further—furthest （远的—更远的—最远的）

old—older—oldest old—elder—eldest （老的—更老的—最老的）

4．形容词和副词比较等级的用法

原级as…as, not as…as

如： I am as tall as you. (我和你一样高。)

This summer is not as hot as last summer. (今年夏天没有去年夏天那么热。)

比较级 …..than… 如：English is more difficult than Chinese.(英语比汉语更难。)

She is taller than me. （她比我高。）

最高级：形容词最高级前面使用定冠词the, 副词最高级前面可以省略the.

如：He is the tallest in our class.（他在我们班里是最高的。）

He works（the）hardest in his class.（他在班里学习是最刻苦的。）

四．练习把下列句子翻译成中文，理解句中形容词和副词的用法

1． Please speak louder.

2． Mary can’t speak as well as Jim.

3． Listen to me more carefully than before, please.

4． He runs the fastest in the sports meeting.

5． I like spring best.

I have been having a dream to become a ballet dancer since I was a child.I started to learn to dance when I was four years old.I joined the school team when I was studying in the primary school and I have taken part in many plays.And I won the award of excellent dancer although it was not too precious,regarded as the most precious certificate of merit in my mind.I once dreamt to stand on the stage of the Lincoln Center freely turning around with white swan skirt and ballet shoe to become the most beautiful white swan in the world.But I know it is just a fantacy,a distant fantacy.I chose to study instead of dancing,I was really sad to give up the dream from when I was a child for it was difficult for me to give it up.At present,I become fatter and fatter for the good nutrition and the former S type figure has gone,really remorseful.However,I am still the most beautiful white swan in my parents' mind no matter how,turning and dancing forever, although I know that I can't become the white swan .

希望能帮上你喔！！！

1.This involves whether I could go to the high school. This is a very important examination.
2.So I know very hard in this period of time next. I heart must bear loud pressure very too.
3.Not at all. It is a pleasure to can follow you and chat.
4.I wonder whether to so bother to your work? !
5.I am very glad to receive your answer.
6.If you will fly to Guangzhou next time, you can look for me in order to come!
( 如果你下次飞广州，你可以来找我！)
7.China and Lebanon are eternal good friends.
( 中国与黎巴嫩是永远的好朋友)

1. This is such an important test because it will decide whether or not I can go to high school.

2. In the following period of time I will suffer a lot and I will endure lots of pressure.

3. You are more than welcome. I am honoured to talk with you.

4. I am not sure if this will interrup your work?

5. I am very pleased to recieve your reply/answer/response (not sure it is to a question or enquiry or whatever).

it is a very important exam because it decides that wheater i can study in high school.

so i will be hard indeed these time.and i have to bear the pressure also.

you are welcome.it is my honor to chat with you

i don't know wheather i disturb your work?

i am so pleased that i can get your answer.

========================================
补充:

you can come to see me when you arrive in Guangzhou.

China and Lebanon are forever friends

1. This is related to the ability on my high school, this is a very important exam.
2. So the next period I would be very hard. My heart also has exerted enormous pressure.
3. You are welcome. Could you be my pleasure to chat.
4. I do not know whether such a bother to your job? !
5. I am very pleased to be able to get your answer.
If you fly the next Canton, you can come to me!
（如果你下次飞广州，你可以来找我！）
China and Lebanon are a good friend of mine Forever
（中国与黎巴嫩是永远的好朋友）

1,This test is so important because it relevant with wether if I could go High school or not.

2 The following period I will be suffering a lot pressure , going to be hard on me.

3 you are welcome. it is my pleasure to talk to you .

4 I didnot know if I interupt your work

5 I am so glad I got your answer.

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我需要英语高手！！！（在线等。。非常重要）

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